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Joseph Smith and the Church of Jesus Christ and the Latter...

It was in the year 1820 in Palmyra, New York that Joseph Smith went into a forest near his house and prayed to God for the knowledge of what religion he should be apart of. Suddenly God the Father and His Son, Jesus Christ, appeared to him giving him the faith that was lost so long ago to be carried on. He was now given the faith from Jesus Christ himself to pass onto others that had once been lost. Joseph Smith was chosen to restore the Church of Jesus Christ. In the next decade â€Å"Joseph Smith published the Book of Mormon, based on the golden plates that he said an angel had given him† (Ayers). Then started setting up the Latter-day Saints Church. He did this on April 6th, 1830, in New York. Joseph Smith was seen as the leader of the new faith of Mormonism. Beliefs of the Latter-day Saints: Church: â€Å"The Latter-day Saints believe in a loving, personal God as our heavenly Father. Since He is the Father of our spirits, all people are His children and thus all people are brothers and sisters† (Mormon Newsroom). The church/organization is led by a prophet which is the president of the church as well as 2 councilors. In church the leaders do not aspire to church positions but rather respond to â€Å"callings†. They believe God was once mortal as well as that Lucifer was Jesus’s brother. Therefore one has both a bad side and a good. When being apart of the church, one must give 10% of their income to them for the tithe to build God’s Kingdom upon earth like it once was. Church’sShow MoreRelatedJoseph Smith and the Mormon Church Essay1196 Words   |  5 PagesJoseph Smith Jr. was born in Sharon, Vermont on December 23, 1805. Smith was characterized as being literate, but far from well-educated. His familys rough existence led them acro ss Vermont and eventually to Rochester, New York. It was here, in the spring of 1820, that Joseph Smith retired to a secluded grove of trees behind his house and said a prayer for guidance about whether to join the Presbyterians as his mother demanded, or whether to join the credo of the Baptists, take up the faith ofRead MoreAre Mormons Christians? Essay example1191 Words   |  5 Pagesteachings of Jesus Christ. As spoken of in The Holy Bible, Christ was born 2000 years ago of a virgin mother. In his ministry, he taught that he was the foretold Messiah of the Old Testament. While on the earth, he performed the Atonement, enabling all people to overcome their sins. For his teachings, he was crucified, but was resurrected on the third day. Christ is the basis of many churches, including the Mormon Church. Actually, â€Å"Mormon† is just a nickname for The Church of Jesus Christ of LatterRead MoreReligious and Ethnic Diversity863 Words   |  4 Pagesreligion, have been founded by Joseph Smith Jr., of New York (The Church Of Jesus Christ Of Latter-Day Saints,  2013). Mormonism originated in the 1820s, as described by the Church’s website, when Joseph Smith Jr. was confused and frustrated by the various Christian religions and was unable to choose one to follow. He turned to the Bible, which told him to ask God when he lacked wisdom. So he prayed to God, and was visited by the Heavenly Father and his Son, Jesus Christ. According to one of the membersRead MoreThe Beliefs Between Christians And Mormons1800 Words   |  8 Pagesbetween Christians and Mormons are very different. Some would say that they are different because The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is a cult. There has been great debate about whether or not the LDS church is a cult or part of the Christian religion. People believe that Mormonism is a cult, mostly because of the very different theology between The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and biblical teachings. Mormonism holds authority to The Book of Mormon, Doctrine and Covenants,Read More Growth of Mormon Church Essay1710 Words   |  7 Pages24-year-old young man named Joseph Smith Jr. gathered in a small room along with six other people to organize a Church that would change American history. Since the age of 14, Joseph Smith had always been a source of contentment and ridicule by people of all social classes and religions. Ten years earlier, in the spring of 1820, this young boy declared that he had seen a vision, that he had been visited by both God, and His Son, Jesus Christ. This vision is a cornerstone of the Church that is known todayRead MoreThe Church of Latter-Day Saints: Mormonism1881 Words   |  8 PagesAbstract The topic of my research paper is the Mormon religion. Particularly the original form of the religion as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. With this paper I will answer the following questions as to where did the religion started, who were/are the main leaders and places of worship for the religion, are there any divisions or sects that are associated with the religion, how has the religion changed over time, and what does the future hold for this religion? To find my answersRead MoreWorldview Analysis: Mormonism Essays2125 Words   |  9 Pagesthe woods of Palmyra, New York when 14-year-old Joseph Smith went out to pray. During this prayer session he was visited by none other the God the Father and Jesus, the son of God, who is Himself recognized by all true Christians as very God Himself; the second person in the Trinitarian godhead. This visit was the conception of what is one of the haughtiest worldviews among religious organizations to date. It was during this v isit that the young Joseph received the message that he should not uniteRead MoreThe Church Of Jesus Christ1747 Words   |  7 PagesThe Church of Jesus Christ of Latter- Day Saints The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter- Day Saints: Mormon Lifestyle Amanda Laney Concepts Sept. 8th, 2016 The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter- Day Saints: Mormon Lifestyle The Mormon faith has been around since the 1800s starting in New York. The Mormon lifestyle is similar to ours but can differ in many ways from history, beliefs, marriage, diets, and branches of the religion and even care plans. Most peopleRead MoreAbout the Mormons Essay814 Words   |  4 Pages The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (also called the Mormon church) was founded at Fayette, New York, on April 6, 1830, by Joseph Smith, Jr. Smith, the recipient of dreams and heavenly manifestations in the 1820s, dictated to scribes the translated text of a holy book he said had been engraved on gold plates by an American Indian historian about a.d. 400. The six-hundred-page Book of Mormon was published in the spring of 1830. The Latter-day Saints churchRead MoreThe Church Of Jesus Christ1624 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Mormons,† though they prefer to be known as Latter-day Saints. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints was formed in the first-half of the nineteenth-century by its founder, Joseph Smith. Smith was said to have been visited by God, the Father, and Jesus Christ after retreating to the woods to pray for guidance. At the time there were multiple competing facets of Christianity and Smith was unsure which to join. To answer his question, God and Jesus Christ told him not to join any of the churches

Acute Myocardial Infarction Cardiovascular Disease Prevention

Question: Mr King is a 68-year-old gentleman with a history of hypertension and coronary heart disease who has been admitted onto the coronary care unit following a sudden onset ofchest tightness/ pain, nausea and perfuse sweating.His blood pressure is fluctuating between ranges of 100/50, 90/65 and 150/95.Pulse rate is irregular and ranges between 60, 95 and 115.Oxygen saturation level is 9.Qro. Respiratory Rate 22 and he is finding it difficult to breathe.He has been diagnosed with an AcuteMyocardial Infarction,his angiogram has revealed a compete occlusion of the left coronary artery.The aim of his treatment is to restore blood flow to the coronary arteries and the heart muscle.Therefore an angioplasty (stenting) was performed.Explain conduction pathways in the heart.Identify the different stages of the cardiac cycle. Answer: Introduction Heart is an important part of human body regulating different functions including the central function of circulatory system. The circulatory system helps in circulation of blood in each and every part of the human body, making it most important part of human body systems(Torrent et al, 2005). The heart is a part of the circulatory system which is quite complex due to structural and functional attributes. The current case study described above deals with one cardio-vascular system disorder known acute myocardial infraction. The subject of this case study is a 68 year male who has been admitted to coronary unit post complaining of chest pain, profuse sweating and difficulty and breathing. Patient medical history reveals subject was a patient of coronary heart disease and hypertension. Initial diagnosis concluded as a case of acute myocardial infarction from fluctuating blood pressure, heart rate and oxygen saturation levels as mentioned in the case. . On further investigation through angiogram, he was found to have an occlusion in left artery demanding Stenting. Post stenting it is very important to monitor the patient heart status and circulatory system. Form, nursing point of view, the rationale behind the intervention must be understood in order to address complications if raised any. Thus, this piece of case study analysis deals with a basic understanding of acute myocardial infarction, left artery occlusion as a causal factor, consequences, importance of restoration of blood flow to the coronary arteries and heart. Pathway of Analysis The case study analysis will following pathway in order to provide the reader clear view of the medical disorder in context of cardiovascular system.Brief description of structure of heart- circulation of blood to and fro from heart, different functions of arteries, capillaries and veins, risk factors (abnormal heart rate) and it effect upon subject heart muscle, blood pressure maintenance mechanism and reason behind fluctuation of blood pressure in subject. Body The heart is a four chambered organ about fist size located in a floral cavity (mediastinum) left on the Sternal bone. The upper two chambers and lower two chambers of the heart are called as atria and ventricles respectively. The wall separating the both sides having atrium and ventricles is known as septum. The pumping action of heart which pumps blood to different parts of the heart. The orientation of blood to right direction is maintained by the valves resent n both side of heart (Hinton and Yutzey, 2011). The heart contains the following parts with functions shown in brief below. The bundle of his: these are the muscle fibers that begin from the atriovetricular node and reaches to the interventricular septum. Its function is to conduct electrical impulse and regulates the heart beat. The AV node: The function of AV node is to pass electrical signals obtained from atria to the ventricles. It also controls the heart rate. The SA node: It is one of the major elements in the conduction of the different cardiac systems. It also functions as controlling heart rate. It conduct electrical impulses through the heart muscles resulting into stimulation of heart to contract and pump blood. Tricuspid valve situated in between right atrium and ventricle to prevent back flow of the blood. Pulmonary valve situated between pulmonary artery and right ventricle. Mitral valve which is located between left atrium and left ventricle. Aortic valve present between left ventricle and aorta. The tricuspid valve and mitral valve forms atrioventricular valves which allow blood to flow from atrium to ventricles. The role of these atrio-ventricular valves is to allow blood to pass through but inhibit regurgitation of blood. The other two valves are categorized under semilunar valves due to their structural resemblance with a half moon. These two valves are present in between ventricles and arteries, which pumps the blood away from the heart. On the right side of the heart, pulmonary valve can be found which prevents back flow of blood pulmonary trunk to the right ventricle. On the contrary, aortic valve indicates towards valve present on the left side of the heart which prevents back flow of blood from the aorta to the left ventricle (McDonagh, 2011).The atrio-ventricular valves attach with strong string like structures known as code tendinae. Unlike these valves, the semilunar valve doesnt have chordae tendinae to hold them and depends upon blood pressure to shut back for proving blood regurgitation.The above mentioned parts of heart constitutes major parts, the other parts include different nodes, lining of heart, artery veins and capillaries.To understand the cardiovascular disorder of the male subje ct, understanding of normal blood circulation is an essential part of case study analysis. Thus, these parts address the blood circulation pathway in heart and links to the current case to reveal what led such medical condition. The main objective of heart, circulatory system is to supply oxygenated blood to different parts of the body. During the contraction, the blood gets pushed through two different systems or loops. The first loop is known as systemic loop where heart pumps oxygenated blood to different parts of the body, organs, tissues and cells and collects carbon-di-oxide waste. In the second loop system known as pulmonary loop, the carbon di oxide collected is deposited in lungs and new oxygen molecules are picked by the blood. The systemic and pulmonary cycle of heart are controlled by left and right side of heart(John, 2011). The systemic loop initiates as soon as oxygenated blood from lungs enter the upper left chamber of heart into right atrium. Post filling of left atrium, due to pressure the mitral valve opens and the blood flows from left atrium to left ventricles. During the contraction of heart, the blood from left ventricles goes to aorta. Aorta is regarded as largest artery in the body. The blood brought down by the aorta goes to different parts of the body through different arteries and capillaries. The used blood are carried by a network of veins to the heart. All the blood used by the body are returned to heart through major two veins- superior vena cava which collects blood from upper part of the body and inferior vena cava which collects blood from lower region of the body. Both these veins empty the collected blood to the right atrium of the body (Murray, Dalley and Agur, 2013). After the blood reaches the right atrium the pulmonary cycle begins. Through tricuspid valve, the right atrium pumps the blood to right ventricle. With contraction of the ventricle, the blood from right ventricle enters into pulmonary artery where it gets bifurcated into two sub branches. One leading to right lungs and one leading to left lungs. Through pulmonary veins, the oxygenated fresh blood enters into the left atrium to be pumped out of the heart(Star, Evers, Star, 2012). Although, both the cycles are different in mechanism they occur at same time point. The heart contractions initiates at atria where the blood enters from atria to ventricles. The ventricles contract to push the blood out of the heart to lungs and to different parts of the body. The heart muscle relaxes after this and allows the deoxygenated blood from different parts of the body to be collected and fill the atria again. Thus, this is the normal circulatory physiology which helps in supply of oxygen to different parts of the body (Phibbs, 2007). The very first manifestation of acute myocardial infraction is life threatening arrhythmia which enhances the automacity of the myocardium. Further there occur electrolyte imbalance and hypoxic condition that also contributes towards development of severe cardiac arrhythmia. Arrhythmia is of many types such as ventricular tachycardia, total AV blocking and ventricular fibrillation. It has been reported that these arrhythmias has caused several sudden deaths in patients having acute coronary diseases. The peri-infarction arrhythmias may be developed due increased activity of sympathetic activity, increase in the concentrations of catecholamines circulating in the blood and their release in the heart muscles from nerve endings. This ultimately results into autonomic imbalance and promotion of the arrhythmias (Graham et al, 2011). The first few hours for the patients having acute myocardial infarction is very crucial as the chances of onset of atrial fibrillation are very high. There ca n be many causes for this such as LV failure, RV infarction and injury to atria. All these conditions lead to increased left atrial pressure that result into atrial fibrillation along with acute myocardial infarction. Prior to cardio version a mild anaesthesia or conscious sedation is advised, the later one is more preferred. Getting control on the ventricular response is the immediate objective for the patients with stable condition. A beta-blocker can be used for the patients having no risk of developing hypotension, such as metoprolol can be given intravenously in every five to ten minutes with the dose 5mg and the maximum dose can be of 15mg.Alternative to this is administration of diltiazem intravenously which decreases the rate of ventricular. However this particular medication should be used very carefully for the patients having moderate to severe heart problems (Graham et al, 2011). In the above case study the subject was diagnosed myocardial infarction and found left artery occlusion. An angioplasty was performed to restore the blood flow. An angioplasty was performed to restore the blood flow. Stroke can occur due to blockage of arteries. When arteries get blocked the damaged heart cells fails to receive blood and eventually dies. This leads to further damage and death of patient. Once the patient is brought under control an angioplasty or stenting is performed to remove the blockage therefore in the present case study it is quite essential to restore the blood flow to damaged portion of heart. Post stenting. The subject blood pressure fluctuates repeatedly. Therefore from nursing point of view, it is essential to know how blood pressure is monitored and regulated in human body. The human body has sensors which can sense blood pressure fluctuations in the body. These fluctuation are passed to heart, arteries, veins and kidneys whereby they make necessary changes to maintain the blood pressure. The two types of receptors which sense changes in blood pressure are baroreceptors and chemoreceptors. Baroreceptors which are located at carotid sinus used to sense arterial blood pressure. Chemoreceptors sense changes in oxygen and carbon-di-oxide levels at different parts. Chemoreceptors are present in aortic bodies and carotid bodies. Apart from these receptor systems, other systems such as cerebral cortex, limbic system, hypothalamus, passes information to the cardiovascular system if any condition rises which affects blood pressure. Such as aggression, fear, flight response, stress (Fox, 2008). If the following variables can be adjusted or changed, the blood pressure can be maintained. When the heart rate or stroke volume changes, it affects the cardiac output. The blood flow inside veins can be regulated either by vasodilation or vasoconstriction mechanisms. Change in length of blood vessel or blood thickness can alter the blood pressure too. The cardiovascular center regulates blood pressure either by regulating the diameter of the blood vessel or by regulating the cardiac output. This cardio vascular region is present in the medulla oblongata region. This cardiovascular region has three different regions which maintain blood pressure in three different ways. The cardiac center regulates cardiac output by changing the heart rate and contraction of blood vessels. The nerve impulses are conducted by sympathetic cardiac nerves. When heart rate needs to be decreased, it is regulated by parasympathetic nerves of cardiac center. The blood vessels diameter is regulated by vasomotor region of cardiac center. In general nerve impulses gets transmitted over sympathetic motor neurons which are known as vaso motor nerves, innervate the smooth muscles present in arteries in order to maintain the vasomotor tone i.e. a steady vasoconstriction status required in the region (Sherwood, 2008). Kidney also helps in maintaining the blood pressure. The renin angiotensin and aldosterone system maintains the blood pressure. When the blood pressure rises, renin is secreted by juxtaglomerular cells of kidney into the blood. The renin helps in conversion of plasma protein angiotensinogen to angiotensin I. Angiotensin I is converted into angiotensin II with the help of enzymes secreted by lungs. Angiotensin II raises blood pressure by two ways either by constriction of blood vessels secondly by releasing aldosterone which reduces urine output and increase blood pressure. Conclusion The above analysis showed how complex the cardiac system is and how it regulates different function in the body. This implicates, the nurse who will be taking care of the subject in the present case must have through understanding of pathophysiology as well as physiological functions of heart. References Fox, S. I. (2008).Human physiology. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Hinton, R. B., Yutzey, K. E. (2011). Heart valve structure and function in development and disease.Annual Review of Physiology,73, 29-46. John, E. H. (2011). Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology. McDonagh, T. A., Gardner, R. S., Clark, A. L., Dargie, H. (Eds.). (2011).Oxford textbook of heart failure. Oxford University Press. Moore, K. L., Dalley, A. F., Agur, A. M. (2013).Clinically oriented anatomy. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Sherwood, L. (2008).Human physiology: from cells to systems. Cengage Learning. Starr, C., Evers, C., Starr, L. (2012).Biology Today and Tomorrow with Physiology. Cengage Learning. Torrent-Guasp, F., Kocica, M. J., Corno, A. F., Komeda, M., Carreras-Costa, F., Flotats, A., ... Wen, H. (2005). Towards new understanding of the heart structure and function.European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery,27(2), 191-201.

Renting and Price free essay sample

Corey Allen BA504 February 19,2013 Abstract In 1997, Netflix became the first online movie by mail Rental Company. Hastings and Randolph co-founded the company. By 1999, they had come up with a $19. 99 per month price plan for customer to rent as many movies that they wanted with no late fees. In 2011, Netflix shocked their customers with their new price plan by splitting the streamlining of movies to one price and DVD by mail with another price. With the change, Netflix lost one million customers. Pertinent facts in the case The pertinent facts in this case study are that in 1997, Reed Hastings and Marc Randalph co-founded Netflix. Hastings was upset due to late fee’s he received when he went to return movies that he had rented six weeks earlier. At first, when Hastings came up with the idea, VHS tapes were used for rental, so the cost to ship VHS tapes was too expensive. We will write a custom essay sample on Renting and Price or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Then one of Hastings friends advised him of the new DVD technology. With the new DVD technology, Hastings packages the DVD’s in a single envelope and shipped it to himself to see if the DVD would be damaged. When he received the DVD and found that it was undamaged, he began to create mail-order movie rental business. When Netflix first started, the price to rent a movie was $4 with a $2 shipping fee. With this new service, customers were able to have movies mailed to them, but they had to be back by a certain date or they would be charged late fees. In 1999, Netflix launched a new subscription service, which gave their customers unlimited rentals for a monthly fee of $15. 95 per month. With the subscription, subscribers were able to rent four movies per month. Within a year, Netflix improved the unlimited movies subscription plan and changed the price to $19. 99 per month. With the new plan, customers were able to rent as many movies as they desire and they could keep them as long as they wanted, but they could only keep four movies at a time. By 2007, Netflix had him a major milestone by hitting one billion movie rental deliveries. That same year, Netflix introduced streamlining of movies directly to either the customer’s home computer. By 2008, customers were able to stream movies through their game consoles. With customers now able to stream movies directly to their computer or game consoles, Netflix came out with a price plan of $9. 99 per month for streamlining and DVD rental by mail. What is the situation? In 2011, Netflix announced that they would be separating the streamlining of videos and DVD by mail into two subscription prices. The price for streamlining would be $7. 99 per month and DVD by mail would be $7. 99 per month, so if you wanted to both stream movies and rent movies by mail, you would have to pay two different subscription fees. Netflix also announced that the movie by mail service would be run through qwikster. com. With the price increase of 60% and the announcement of the new website, Netflix lost one million subscribers, taking there subscription total of 25 million, down to 24 million subscribers. Along with the loss of subscribers, Netflix’s stock price dropped from a value of $298 to $169, which is a 40% loss in value. Who is involved? Reed Hastings was who was involved with the price change and he released a statement on September 18, 2011 stating that he had messed up with the way the price change took place. He went on to try and explain why the price change took place. What are the pertinent issues? The pertinent issues are that when Netflix announced the price change, they made the change fast and did not give their subscriber a chance to decide what they wanted to do. Basically Netflix announced the price change and made the change. By not giving their subscribers a chance to think about the new price change, they just went with it. By doing this, Netflix lost one million subscribers. These price changes not only affected the subscribers, it also affected their stock price. If Netflix would have gave more of a notice and the reasoning behind the price change, maybe they would not have lost as many subscribers. Recommendations for Netflix The actions that I would recommend for Netflix to recover from a marketing misdirection are that they should have eased into the new price plan or offer a promotional price to their current subscriber. For example, Netflix could have announced the new price plan and at the same time with the new price plan, they could have given their current customer a free trial so that they had the option of either paying the $7. 99 for either the stream lining or the DVD by mail. By allowing their customers the free trial, Netflix would be showing their customers that they appreciate their business, but they needed to make the price change to fit all customers need. I believe the theory break from reality for Netflix hit hard when they lost so many subscribers. With the price change and loss in subscribers, it opened the doors for Amazon to retain some of the Netflix subscribers. How the arrived to their decision? Netflix arrived to the decision to split the membership in two when they realized that even with the streamlining of movies; customers were still renting movies by mail. Netflix also realized that not all there subscriber were taking advantage of the streamlining and the subscribers were only renting movies by mail. So by splitting the subscription into two price plans, customers had the choice of streamlining, renting by mail, or both. Conclusion I think the price change was necessary for Netflix, but I think they approached it the wrong way. I was one of the million subscribers who canceled their subscription due to the price change. But even with that said, after about two year, I’m now back with Netflix and I’m subscribing to the streamlining of videos.